Sapphire and ruby are precious gemstones from the corundum mineral family with a hardness of 9 on the Mohs scale. Their chemical composition is aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃). Blue sapphire is a famous variety but sapphires occur in pink, yellow, green, peach, white, purple, Bi-colors and pink orange colour mixed rare Padparadscha sapphire. Ruby is the red variety of corundum. Sapphire is the birthstone for September while ruby is the birthstone for July. They symbolize wisdom, love, loyalty, courage and protection. Sri Lankan sapphires are highely valued for beauty and brilliance naturally.