Sapphire

Sapphire and ruby are precious gemstones from the corundum mineral family, with a hardness of 9 on the Mohs scale. Their chemical composition is aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃). Blue sapphire is famous variety, but sapphires occur in pink, yellow, green, white, purple, and orange colors, including rare Padparadscha sapphire. Ruby is the red variety of corundum. Sapphire is the birthstone for September, while ruby is the birthstone for July. They symbolize wisdom, love, loyalty, courage, and protection. Sri Lankan sapphires are highely valued for beauty and brilliance naturally.